阿拉伯的“白天”和“黑夜”──《一千零一夜》和《一千零一日》比较研究

Arabian “Nights” and “ Days”:Comparative Study between Arabian Nights and Arabian Days

《一千零一夜》和《一千零一日》同是阿拉伯古典名著。其结构方式基本相似,而思想内涵大相径庭。《一千零一夜》的中译本众多,而且还有大量的研究论著。《一千零一日》仅有中文选译本和全译本各一部,学者们也鲜有研究。本文在比较中发现,两部故事集中约有七组故事完全相似,它们之间存在着较为明显的影响和被影响的关系;以男性为中心的《一千零一夜》是“黑夜”,而以女性为中心的《一千零一日》是“白天”,“白天”和“黑夜”隐喻了男性和女性或者男权和女权,这两部作品作为两性抗争的戏剧性表述,充分揭示了男权中心与女权中心、厌女心理与厌男心理的二元对立。通过比较研究,我们还可以了解《一千零一夜》和《一千零一日》所承载的其他文化信息,也可为《一千零一日》这部研究资料缺乏的巨著,提供成书年代、作者等问题的某些证据。

Arabian Nights and Arabian Days are both famous Arabian classical works. Their structures are basically the same, but their ideological connotations are widely divergent. There are a large number of Chinese translations of Arabian Nights, and a lot of research has been done as well. In contrast, Arabian Days only has one abridged Chinese translation and one complete trans- lation respectively, and Chinese scholars rarely study work. Through comparison of the two selected works, the article shows that there are 7 groups of stories which are exactly the same in these two books, and that mutual influence exists. The male-centred Arabian Nights is nighttime, while the female＇centred Arabian Days, daytime. These two books, as metaphorical expressions of the struggle between two sexes, reveal the binary oppositions between phallocentrism and gynocentrism, and between misogyny and misophallicism , and other cultural implications as well.