甘肃马铃薯贮藏期真菌性病害病原菌的分离鉴定

Isolation and identification of the pathogens of potato fungus diseases during storage in Gansu Province

对甘肃省马铃薯贮藏期真菌性病害的病原菌进行了分离鉴定,共鉴定到8种病原真菌,引起6种贮藏期真菌病害,分别为:致病疫霉(Phytophthora infestans)引起马铃薯晚疫病,茄链格孢(Alternaria solani)引起马铃薯早疫病,茄丝核菌(Rizoctonia solani)引起马铃薯黑痣病,具柄细基束梗孢(Cephalotri- chum stemonitis)引起马铃薯褐腐病,Verticillium tricopsis引起马铃薯萎蔫病,Fusarium solani和F．sambucinum引起马铃薯干腐病．马铃薯为V．tricopsis的新寄主,具柄细基束梗孢(C．stemonitis)引起马铃薯褐腐病、F．sambucinum引起马铃薯干腐病在我国属首次报道．

For the purpose of understanding the occurance of fungus diseases on potato during postharvest in Gansu Province, fungus isolates sampled from different areas were isolated. Based on Koch＇s postulate, spore dilution of different isolates were inoculated on potato by the two methods respectively. Fusarium species were identified based on the shape of macroconidia, presence or absence of microconidia, shape and mode of formation of macroconidia, nature of the conidiogenous cell bearing microconidia and presence or absence of chlamydospores. Other fungi were identified based on the shape of spore and the mode of formation. 7 species of fungi caused 6 types of potato tuber diseases in Gansu Province during postharvest, which were identified as Phytophthora infestans, Alternaria solani, Rizoctonia solani, Cephalotrichum stemonitis, Verticillium tricopsis, Fusarium solani, F. sambucinum. C. stemonitis and F. sambucinum were reported for the first time in China, V. tricopsis might cause tomato wilt, and potato as its host was reported for the first time as well.