SDS-AGE尿蛋白电泳在糖尿病肾病早期诊断中的应用

The application of sodium dodecyl sulfate-agarose gel electrophoresis of urinary proteins in early diagnosis of diabetes nephropathy

目的探讨SDS-AGE非浓缩尿蛋白电泳在糖尿病肾病早期诊断中的作用。方法对20例对照组及50例糖尿病患者的尿液进行尿常规蛋白定性,然后在法国Sebia公司HYDRASYS全自动电泳仪上,采用十二烷基硫酸钠-琼脂糖凝胶进行电泳(SDS-AGE)。同时利用BN-100特种蛋白测定仪检测尿微量白蛋白。结果尿蛋白经SDS-AGE电泳后,根据蛋白质的分子量的大小顺序排列在凝胶上。对照组电泳后只有2例出现单纯淡染的白蛋白条带。糖尿病组有14例无蛋白条带出现、15例出现单纯白蛋白带、9例出现小分子蛋白带、5例出现大分子蛋白带、7例出现混合性蛋白带。其中有2例尿常规蛋白定性结果分别为±和+,但电泳条带结果显示为混合性蛋白带;在15例出现单纯白蛋白带的病例中,有6例在尿常规蛋白定性为阴性。结论SDS-AGE非浓缩尿蛋白电泳,操作简便,无须浓缩尿液,省时,尿蛋白按分子量大小予以分离,结果清晰便于保存。能正确的反映尿液内各蛋白组分的含量及变化,对糖尿病肾病的早期诊断、鉴别诊断、指导治疗具有较大价值。

Objective To explore the application of sodium dodecyl sulfate-agarose gel electrophoresis （SDS-AGE） of non-concentrated urinary proteins in early diagnosis of diabetes nephropathy. Methods 50 patients with diabetes and 20 controls were enrolled. Routine qualitative analysis, SDS-AGE of urinary proteins and determination of urinary microalbumin were carried out respectively in all cases. Results After separation by SDS-AGE, urine proteins were arranged on the gel in order according to their molecular weight. There were only 2 normal controls whose pattern of electrophoresis had light-stain strip of simple albumin. On the contrary, electrophoresis pattern of diabetes group showed significant difference, 15 cases （including 6 cases showed negative urinary protein in routine qualitative analysis） had simple albumin strip, 5 cases had macromolecular protein strip , 9 cases had micro molecular protein strip, and 7 cases （including 2 cases showed ±and ＋ to the urinary protein respectively in routine qualitative analysis） had mixed protein strip. Conclusions SDS-AGE of non-concentrated urinary proteins can correctly reflect the contents and changes of urinary protein components, it has important value for early diagnosis, differential diagnosis and treatment of diabetes nephropathy.