母乳中抗生素对新生儿肠道正常菌群建立的影响

Influence of the antibiotics in breast milk to the establishment of normal flora in enteron of newborn.

目的证实母乳中的抗生素影响新生儿肠道正常菌群的建立。方法采用K-B法对母乳标本中抗生素进行定性检测,同时对新生儿4～5天粪便标本进行涂片G染色及普通细菌培养。结果132例使用了头孢类及青霉素类母乳中,116例检出含抗生素。其喂养的新生儿中,68%粪便涂片G染色以G+球菌为主,每个油镜视野50～100个菌。培养仅17%生长大肠埃希菌,其余的为葡萄球菌及其它G-杆菌,单独或混合生长。母乳中无抗生素喂养的新生儿粪便涂片G染色,以G+杆菌为主,少数为G+杆菌及G-杆菌,每个油镜视野200～300个菌,培养全部生长大肠埃希菌或大肠埃希菌与粪肠球菌。结论母乳中抗生素破坏新生儿肠道正常菌群的建立极为明显,可能是部分新生儿长期迁延性腹泻的原因。

the establishment Objective To confirm that the antibiotics in breast milk could influence of normal flora in enteron of newborn. Methods The antibiotics in breast milk were qualifiedly detected by K-B method. For newborns （4-5ds）, smear gram stain and general bacterial culture of stool specimens were preceded respectively. Results Among 132 breast milk samples from the women treated with penicillins and cephalosporins, there were 116 specimens contained antibiotics. Accordingly, 68% of their babies＇ stool showed that G^＋ coccus was dominating species （50-100cfu/op）. Only 17% of stool bacterial culture showed growth of E.coli, the rest was staphylococcus and/or other G^- bacillus. For the stools of control newborns （with breast-feed contatned no antibiotics） showed that G^＋ bacillus was dominating species （200-300cfu/op）, and all cultured stools showed growth of E.coli and/or E.faecalis. Conclusions It is very clear that the antibiotics in breast milk can interrupt the establishment of normal flora in enteron of newborn, thereby result in long-term diarrhea part newborns.