肝吸虫与肝胆疾病

Liver flukes associated diseases of liver and gall

肝吸虫是寄生于脊椎动物肝胆管的复殖吸虫。人因误食寄生在鱼体的活肝吸虫囊蚴而被感染。肝吸虫感染与一些肝胆疾病，特别是胆管癌有关。可能的致癌机制包括慢性刺激，内源性致癌物形成增加及代谢酶活化等。该文对与肝吸虫感染相关的肝胆疾病的流行病学、临床、实验研究及病理学资料进行了综述。

Liver flukes are digenetic trematodes dwelling in the biliary tract of vertebrates. People may be infected by eating raw or undercooked freshwater fish which contain the infective stage （metacercaria） of flukes. Infection with liver flukes has been reported to be associated with some liver and gall diseases, especially the cholangiocarcinoma. Possible mechanisms of carcinogenesis include chronic irritation, increased formation of endogenous carcinogen and activation of metabolizing enzymes et al. This paper reviews the epidemiological, clinical, experimental and pathological studies on the relationship between liver flukes infestation and diseases of liver and gall.