农田残膜对土壤环境及作物生长发育的影响研究

Influence of Residual Plastic Film on Soil Structure,Crop Growth and Development in Fields

通过盆栽模拟和大田试验研究了残膜量对土壤物理性状及不同作物生长发育的影响。结果表明，土壤中的残留地膜对土壤环境有较大影响，可使土壤容重增加、土壤水分移动速度减慢，随着残留地膜量的增加，小麦、玉米和棉花的生长发育均受到严重影响，小麦产量降低0．8％～22．1％，玉米籽粒产量降低2．1％～27．5％，棉花产量降低1％～7．5％。

A series of experiments were conducted to evaluate influence of different amounts of residual plastic films on soil physical character and crop growth and development at pots and field conditions. The result showed that the soil structure was greatly affected by soil residual films. The soil bulk density increased and speeds of soil moisture movement （ upward and downward） were obviously slowed down, while plant growth was retarded with mass increase of residual plastic film. Reductions of yields for wheat, maize and lint cotton were discovered to be 0.8% -22.1%, 2.1% -27.5% and 1% -7.5%, respectively, if soil polluted by the film with various masses.