生物栅净化系统生物膜微生物群落结构动态的ERIC-PCR指纹图谱分析

Analysis of Biofilm Microbial Community Structure Dynamics by ERIC-PCR Fingerprinting for Eutrophication Water Purification

用ERIC-PCR指纹图谱技术分析富营养化水体生物栅处理系统中2个工况7个净化池在不同监测时期微生物群落结构动态变化与主要污染物降解效果变化的关系.结果表明,采用生物栅技术的2～7号净化池的CODCr、总氮、氨氮、总磷的去除率较对照池分别提高了13.3%～58.6%、23.6%～65.8%、15.5%～72.9%和16.8%～76.9%,表明生物栅技术在污染物去除方面起到了重要作用.随着系统的运行微生物多样性指数逐渐增大,工况1第1次和第2次生物膜样品的微生物多样性指数分别为1.77～1.91和1.96～2.35.设置凤眼莲的3个净化池填料生物膜微生物种类较未设置植物的净化池丰富.在工况2中,HRT为7.5h的3号、5号和7号反应池填料生物膜ERIC-PCR指纹图条带数比HRT为4h的2号、4号和6号要多,而根系生物膜上的微生物群落结构受HRT的影响小.研究表明,随着系统的运行,系统中微生物种群多样性指数增加,系统逐渐进入良好的稳定状态.

The relation between dynamic change in microbial community structure and major pollutant remove effect was analyzed by ERIC-PCR fingerprinting combined with routine technique. A new technique, with medium biofilms and hydrophytes as main components, and microbes, plankton, hydrophytes and aquatic animals as basic ecological elements, was used to deal with an eutrophication river in Shanghai. A pilot-scale test was carried out, combining seven reaction ponds parallel, with continuous influent and effluent. As the device had obvious effect on eutrophication water pollution removal, the removal efficiencies of CODcr, TN, NH4-N and TP were 13.35% -58. 6% , 23.6% -65.8% , 15.5% -72. 9% and 16. 8% -76. 9% higher than those of control group. The medium biofilm microbial population diversity indexes increased during the experiments, with the first collected sample ranging from 1.77 to 1.91 and the second from 1.96 to 2.35 in experiment one. The three ponds planted with Eichhornia crassipes had more abundant microbial species than those without hydrophytes, according to the results of ERIC-PCR bands. In experiment two, ponds 3, 5 and 7 with 7.5 h HRT had more abundant ERIC-PCR fingerprinting bands than ponds 2, 4 and 6 ponds with 4 h HRT. The HRT had less influence on root biofilm microbial community structure. In conclusion, as the experiments progressed, the population diversity index increased and the system gradually became stable. Fig5, Tab5, Ref9