中国西藏与中东地区近缘野生大麦遗传多样性的SSR标记分析

Genetic Diversity of Wild Close Relatives of Barley from Tibet of China and Middle East Region Based on SSR Markers

应用简单重复序列（SSR）标记方法对90个近缘野生大麦样本进行了遗传多样性分析，其中包括45份中国西藏近缘野生大麦样本和45份中东地区近缘野生大麦样本．从大麦的7个连锁群中选取27对引物用于PCR扩增，结果有11对引物扩增出有效多态性片段．11对引物共检测到126个等位变异位点，每对引物检测到5～22个SSR等位变异位点，平均每对引物检测到11．45个等位变异位点．中国西藏近缘野生大麦比中东地区近缘野生大麦平均每对引物多检测出2个位点．SSR结果采用NTSYS软件进行相似性系数计算，POPGNEN32软件进行遗传多样性系数计算，算术平均的非加权成对分组法（UPGMA法）构建聚类树状图，结果表明中国西藏近缘野生大麦样本比中东地区近缘野生大麦样本具有更高的遗传多样性，这为大麦的东方起源学说提供了新的佐证．

Ninety accessions of wild close relatives of barley, including 45 accessions from Tibet of China and 45 accessions from Middle East region, were studied on genetic diversity by using 27 SSR markers selected from seven barley linkage groups, of which eleven primer pairs of SSR markers have amplified polymorphic fragments effectively. A total of 126 allelic variants were produced, the average allelic variants per SSR primer pair being 11.45 with a range form 5 to 22. There are more than two alleles per locus in Tibet than that in Middle East region. Using the NTSYS and the POPGNEN 32 software, the similarity coefficients and the coefficient of genetic diversity were calculated respectively. And Dendrograms were generated by method of the unweighted pair group method arithmetic average （UPGMA）. The results show that China＇s Tibetan wild close relatives of barley have higher genetic diversity than that in the Middle East region, and that offer a new evidence for the theory of the origin of barley in the East.