光化学降解有机磷农药研究进展

Review on photochemistry degradation of organophosphorus pesticides

光化学降解有机磷农药是一种高效、无二次污染的非生物转化过程,也是有机磷农药在环境中的主要降解途径。本文通过介绍光化学方法降解有机磷农药的基本原理、有机磷农药的主要光化学反应类型、光化学降解过程中光敏(猝灭)剂的作用及影响光化学反应的因素,分析了今后光化学降解有机磷农药研究中需要关注的问题,提出将有机磷农药的光催化氧化技术与其他方法相结合,研发高效、经济的新技术是今后农药残留降解技术研究的重点。

The present paper reviews three kinds of organophosphorus pesticides for the photocatalytic degradation, namely, photooxidation, photohydrolysis and photoisemerization and the corresponding mechanism, photosensitizer or quenching agent as well as their functions in the degradation process. First of all, the photocatalytic degradation is generally thought of as a main transformation approach to organophosphorus pesticides in the environment. Due to its effectiveness and free-from secondary pollution, more and more attention has been attached to their transformation way in recent years. Some important factors have also been studied, including pH, lamp-house, illuminating time, original concentration of organophosphorus pesticides, the concentration of Fe^3＋ and H2O2, and air flux, that influence the effieiency of their photocatalytic degradation. Based on the previous research work, aspects that should be considered in the future research in this way have also been put forward. Last of all, it can be concluded that combining photocatalytic degradation technique with other efficient methods to develop effective, economic pesticide residue degradation techniques should be emphasized in the area＇ s future research.