黄河小浪底库区退化山地典型植物群落物种多样性分析

Analysis of bio-species diversity for the typical bio-degraded hilly Xiaoliangdi Reservoir-surrounding areas

为探寻物种多样性与环境因子的关系,采用样地法分析了小浪底库区山地生态系统植物群落多样性指数,利用数学统计方法研究不同群落物种多样性指数与其所处环境的关系。结果表明,1)小浪底库区群落的物种多样性指数和丰富度指数与群落类型有密切关系;2)物种丰富度与海拔具有明显的负相关性,灌木的丰富度受海拔影响显著,而草本植物的丰富度与海拔的关系不显著;3)多样性指数H′、Pielou均匀度指数Jsw与海拔表现出显著的负相关性;4)草本群落的Margalef丰富度指数D2随坡向有显著差异,表现出阴坡大于阳坡,其他指数随坡向没有显著性差异。

In order to find the mutual relation between species diversity and enviromnental factors, the paper has done a long-term inves- tigation over the characteristic features of the species diversity in Xiaolangdi surrounding hilly areas by selecting sample sites. And, then, we have done a careful analysis of the relation between such species diversity and the local habitat changes for the species concerned through statistical methods. The results of our investigation and analysis can be briefly stated as follows. （ 1 ） The species diversity and richness are closely correlated with the community types. （2） H＇ is significantly negatively correlated with the above-sea level elevation. It is found that there is a clear negative correlation between the species richness indices of shrubs and elevation, though not significantly correlated with that of herbs; （3） The species indices, including H＇, Pielou＇ s evenness index （Jaw） have been found negatively correlated with the above-sea level elevation. （4） In our investigation, we have observed significant differences D2 of herbs between slope directions, indicating that D2 on the southenl-faced slope suffers lower than that with the northern-faced slope. However, other di- versity indices are not found significantly correlated with respect to any. communities mentioned above.