政府与非政府组织在促进流动人口生殖健康服务的互动与互补作用探讨

Collaboration and Interaction between Government Departments and Non-government Organizations in Population and Family Planning-A Case Study of Improving Access to Quality Reproductive Health Services for Migrants at Xishan District in Kunming

在联合国世界卫生组织技术支持下，云南健康与发展研究会和昆明医学院健康研究所与云南省昆明市西山区政府紧密合作，在西山区开展了一个促进流动人口生殖健康行动性研究（2004～2007年），旨在探索流动人口生殖健康领域一种以人为本的模式。研究采用准实验设计，在干预前后分别进行社会调查，从社区、患者、服务提供者和服务机构4方面收集定量和质性资料进行研究分析。干预措施包括行政制度和公共政策改革、服务提供者意识与技能培训、流动人口社区健康促进，以及督导与管理机制改善。本文对该研究在人口与计划生育领域中政府与非政府组织的互动和互补方面的有益尝试进行初步分析与探讨。

Objective： The issue of health rights is the core and a foundation of reproductive health. With technical support from World Health Organization （WHO）, the Institute for Health and Development Studies at Kunming Medical College conducted an action research to explore the ways to improve migrants＇ access to quality reproductive health services（2004 -2007 ）. The aim the study is to discuss the opportunities and challenges in collaboration and interaction between government departments and non -government organizations in the field of population and family planning. Methods： This was an action research on reproductive health services for rural - to - migrants which was as the stage two of WHO strategic approaches （SA） in Yunnan, China. The SA was an interdisciplinary methodology for national policy and programme development, with an emphasis placed upon improvement of quality of care and ensuring reproductive rights, and a perspective of technology introduction. SA included three stages： strategic assessment, action research and scale -up. Results： a）. Implementing a project was a way to promote the innovation of the government departments, b）. Government departments play a leading role in the issues of migrants＇reproduction health and services, c）. Non- governmental organizations played a unique role in improving reproductive health services for migrants in China. d）. Improvement of access to reproductive health required close cooperation and interaction between government departments and non - governmental organizations. Conclusion： There are great chances and challenges in collaboration and interaction between government departments and non - governmental organizations in the field of population and family planning/reproductive health. The project management costs are high because of difference in perceived quality of public management and public services between government departments and non - governmental organization. However, collaboration of government departments and non - governmental organizations is of great value in providing the migrants with quality of care in sexual and reproductive health services. Greater efforts are needed to establish a long - term and effective mechanism enabling collaboration and interaction between government departments and non - governmental organizations.