全球视野下的价值链治理研究

STUDY ON THE VALUE CHAIN GOVERNANCE IN THE GLOBAL POINT OF VIEW

在全球化背景下,以地方产业集群为发展模式的区域经济,其竞争力的提升需要在全球价值链中与区域外的经济行为主体积极互动,并实现升级。而价值链治理分析是经济地理学理论研究地方产业集群升级的关键。在这种研究视角下,本文以价值链治理为研究对象,首先界定了价值链治理的概念;并从理论上讨论了全球价值链治理模式的主要类型和演化过程;然后,进一步分析了价值链治理产生的原因、价值链治理的应用,以及价值链治理对地方产业网络升级的影响;最后,本文对国际现有的价值链治理理论进行了比较深入的讨论,并提出进一步研究的展望。

Under the background of globalization, the regional economies based on the local industrial clusters have to interact actively with the outside actors in the global value chains so as to improve their competitiveness and achieve upgrading. The analysis of value chain governance lies in the center of the research on the local industrial cluster upgrading applied in the economic geography. This paper firstly defines the conception of the value chain governance and discusses the main types and evolvement of global value chain governance theoretically. Combining the opinions of Gereffi, Schmitz and Humphrey, the authors define the governance as the coordination and system arrangement in every value-added section exerted by the power owners or some mechanisms in the value chains. The types of governance are firstly put forward by Gereffi who distinguished the producer-driven value chain and the buyer-driven value chain. After that, they further divided the network into modular, relational and captive which forms the five types of governance. Next, the paper dissects the reasons and application of the value chain governance as well as its influence on the local industrial network upgrading. Because of the differentiation strategy, global competition and risk elusion, the leading firms have to execute the governance in the global value chains so that they may sustain the competitive advantages in the global competition. Meanwhile, the issue of governance in value chains is important. However, the upgrading tracks of the local industrial clusters in developing countries vary from the different types of governance. Ultimately it deeply discusses the present international theories of the governance in global value chains and brings forward the further research expectations.