论宗教宽容的政治化和法律化

宽容思想发源于宗教,《圣经》、《古兰经》、儒教和佛教的学说都包含有内在深刻的宽容思想。宗教宽容的政治化和法律化主要开始于17世纪洛克和培尔等学者的倡导,最终在美国的宪法及其修正案中得到了较好的体现。但是,这一进程在伊斯兰国家和中国却长期未能得以顺利实现,宽容的实践仍然主要停留在宗教的层面。这是导致我国、伊斯兰国家和西方在政治、法律等领域出现本质差异的根本原因之一,也是宗教宽容在我国和伊斯兰国家仍然需要世俗化的主要理由。

The idea of tolerance has its source in religion. The Bible, Koran, and the teachings of Confucianism and Buddhism all contain inherent and profound idea of tolerance. The politicalization and legalization of religious tolerance mainly started in the 17th century through the advocating by Locke, Bayle and other scholars, and was finally embodied in the U. S. Constitution and its amendments. However, this is not the case in Islamic countries and China, where the practice of tolerance basically remains at the religious level only. This is one of the basic reasons for the essential differences in political, legal and other fields between China and Islamic countries on the one hand and the Western countries on the other. It＇ s also the main reason that religious tolerance is still in need of secularization in China and Islamic countries.