龙岩高岭土矿床地质特征及成矿作用

Geological Characteristics and Mineralization of the Longyan Kaolin Deposit

福建龙岩高岭土矿床是蚀变花岗岩风化残余型矿床。花岗岩风化剖面具有明显的垂直分带性，各带有特征的粘土矿物组合、含量和化学组分。矿石矿物主要有高岭石、埃洛石、水白云母、石英及少量长石。高岭石的结晶有序度较低，粒度一般大于２μｍ。埃洛石粒度多小于２μｍ．龙岩高岭土矿石具有贫铁、钛和自然白度高的特征，属优质大型高岭土矿。其成矿作用经历了内生岩浆分异、热液蚀变和表生风化三大地质作用。

The Longyan kaolin deposit in Fujian province,is of weathering residual type of altered granite.The weathering profile of the granite shows distinct vertical zonality. Each weathering zone has its own characteristic clay mineral assemblage and the change in relative mineral contents and chemical compositions. The minerals of kaolin ores consist mainly of kaolinite as well as halloysite, hydromuscovite, quartz associated with Small amounts of feldspar. Kaolinite is poorly crystallized and its grain size generally large then 2μm. Halloysite is mostly less than 2μm. The kaolin ores in Longyan is characteristic of poor Fe, Ti and high-natural whiteness. The kaolin deposit is of high quality and has considerable reserves. The mineralization of the Longyan kaolin deposit has experience three geological action included the endogenic differentiation, hydrothermal alteration and the late surface weathering.