生物基起泡剂的合成及选煤应用性能研究

Synthesis of Bio-frothers and Their Performance in Coal Flotation

以可再生资源淀粉和天然脂肪醇为原料，采用间接法合成生物基浮选药剂——烷基糖苷（APGs），并对其反应机理进行研究。红外光谱检测结果显示，在1500-1650cm^-1和1100-1000cm^-1附近都有C-O-C键的骨架振动峰和C-O键及C-O-C键的伸缩振动峰，证明了糖苷结构的存在。采用最大气泡法测定不同浓度烷基糖苷水溶液的表面张力，检测其起泡性能和稳泡性能，结果表明烷基糖苷具有良好的表面活性。

The bio-flotation reagent alkyl polyglucosides （APGs） are prepared using the indirect method with starch and natural fatty alcohol as the raw materials, and the reaction mechanism was studied. The characteristic absorption peaks in the infrared absorption spectrum representing the C--O--C skeleton vibration （ 1 500 - 1 650 cm^-1 ） and the C--O or C--O--C stretching vibration （ 1 000 - 1 100 cm^ - 1 ） testified the structure of the synthesized APGs. To evaluate the foaming properties and the foam stabilization performance, the surface tension in the APGs-water system with different dosage of APGs was measured by the largest air bubble method, and it can be concluded that APGs have excellent surface activity. As environmental-friendly nonionic surfactants, APGs can be biodegraded quickly and thoroughly. Comparing with the commonly used frothers, APGs show a better performance, the flotation efficiency of which is higher than that using fusel.