上宅新石器文化遗址环境考古

On the Environmental Archaeology at Shangzhai Neolithic Site

上宅遗址所在的平谷盆地是中国环境考古策源地。上宅遗址的发现与发掘,一定程度上填补了北方草原文化与中原文化间的空白。以无彩陶,陶器不具绳纹和鸟首形镂空器等特殊器物为特征,构成一支具鲜明特点的沟河流域新石器时代中期早段文化,称之为上宅文化。上宅遗址依山傍水,聚居于河旁黄土台地,形成于全新世气候最适宜期。与邻区同期文化形成环境类似,其聚落形成环境具代表性。

Shangzhai site in Pinggu basin is an original place of Chinese environmental archaeology. The excavation of Shangzhai site fills up the cultural blank between the Northern Grassland and Central Plains. Shangzhai culture is a mid - Neolithic culture in Zhu River valley, but the painted and string pattern potteries are not existed, and the bird -head pottery in openwork is characteristic. Shangzhai site has a superior geographical position and forms in Holocene epoch, which is similar to the surrounding cultures, so the forming environment of the settlement is representative.