聚氯乙烯管材业铅职业危害综合治理研究

Study on Synthetic Measures in Control of Occupational Lead Poisoning in Polyvinylchroride Pipe Industry

目的通过对PVC管材生产行业的职业病危害状况调查及其综合治理的研究,探索出有效的职业病防治策略及方法。方法对PVC管材生产企业进行职业卫生调查,对铅危害采取以职业健康教育、卫生防护工程和职业卫生管理等多措施的综合治理,治理前后检测作业场所铅尘浓度,作业工人进行职业健康检查。结果PVC管材生产企业以混料作业场所的铅尘危害最为严重,经综合治理,铅尘浓度超标率由82.2%降至44.6%(P<0.001),作业工人职业性铅中毒的发病率由7.2%降到0.8%(P<0.001)。结论综合治理措施有显著效果,经济实用有利于在该行业推广。

Objective To investigate the occupational lead poisoning status in PVC pipe industry and study synthetic measures in control and prevention for exploring an effective way to protect the workers＇ health. Methods An investigation of occupational hygiene was conducted in this industry. Synthetic control measures were implemented, including occupational health education, health protective engineering and occupational health management. Lead dust concentration was evaluated. The workers who were exposed to lead dust were checked regularly. Results There was serious occupational lead poisoning in the PVC pipe industry. By means of synthetic measures, the proportion of workplace where lead dust concentration exceeded the national standard was decreased from 82.2 % to 44.6 % （ P〈 0. 001）, and the rate of occupational lead poisoning was decreased from 7.2% to 0.8% （P〈0.001）. Conclusion These synthetic control measures are effective to protect the workers in this industry.