论主(客)观违法论与我国犯罪构成理论的关系——以无刑事责任能力人的行为为中心

Doctrine of "Rechtswidrigkeit" and Chinese Traditional Theory of Constitution of Crime——on conduct without capacity of criminal responsibility

按照主观违法论而加以建构的传统犯罪构成理论有别于按客观违法论建构的大陆法系犯罪论体系,两者有着不同的研究进路和研究方法。主观违法论强调有责之违法,行为人的主观罪过、客观的危害行为、刑事责任能力都是违法的构成要素。由于主观违法论将无刑事责任能力之人的危害行为排除在刑法的研究之外,为此,这种因人而异的违法观不能很好地界定无刑事责任能力之人危害行为的性质以及为司法实践提供理论根据。

Chinese traditional Theory of Constitution of Crime, based on the doctrine of subjective ＂Rechtswidrigkeit＂ , differs from that of continental system, based on the doctrine of objective ＂Rechtswidrigkeit＂. Each has its own research method and approach. The doctrine of subjective ＂Rechtswidrigkeit＂ emphasizes capacity of criminal responsibility, criminal guilty, object conduct and so on. Thus, it excludes ＂conduct without capacity of criminal responsibility＂ out of the studying scope of criminal law. This doctrine could neither define clearly the quality of harmful acts committed by persons without criminal responsible ability nor provide theory basis to practice.