香椿籽油浸提、精炼及理化特性分析

Studies on the Extraction Technique and Refinement Toona Sinensis Seed Oil and Its Characteristic Analysis

采用索氏提取法萃取香椿籽油,通过单因素试验研究了不同因素对香椿籽油提取效果的影响,采用正交试验设计,得到了香椿籽油浸提的最优条件,获得了毛油的脱胶、碱炼等工艺参数,分析了精炼油的理化特性。香椿籽油浸提最佳工艺条件是:正己烷为浸提剂,香椿籽粒度60目,含水量7%,料液比1g∶13 mL,温度85℃,浸提3 h;精炼工艺条件是:加水量为香椿籽油质量的4%,第1次水化1.0 h,第2次水化时间0.5 h;碱炼工艺条件是:初温为30℃,NaOH液浓度为14.42%、超NaOH用量为4%,保温静置6 h。香椿籽油中不饱和脂肪酸达90%以上,营养价值高,是优质的保健食用油。

This paper studied the extraction technique of Toona Sinensis seeds oil with organic solvent, its refinement and physical-chemical properties. The optimum extracting condition was as follows., water content 7%, seeds grounded to grains of 60mesh, soaked in hexane, the ratio of material to solvent ： 1 g/13 mL, 85℃ for three hours. The best refining condition was; adding water to 4% of the crude Toona Sinensis oil, the hydration time was 1.0 h and 0. 5 h for two steps separately; deacidify at 30℃, alkali concentration was 14.24% and amount was 4%, kept for 6 h. Toona Sinensis oil has high nutritional value in the cooking oil which the unsaturated fatty acid was more than 90%.