从政府角度看现代公司的起源与形成

On Origin and Evolution of Modern Corporations from the Governmental Perspective

公司与企业并非同一概念,它只是企业类型之一种。而且,个人业主企业、合伙企业与现代公司基本上是依次出现的。作者认为,重商主义时期的政府特许股份公司是现代公司的直接起源,而现代公司的正式形成在某种程度上是政府让步或放权的结果。本文的分析思路与结论对考察中国近代公司制度的演进与当代企业制度的改革都有着非常重要的启发意义。

Corporation is a type of enterprise. Generally speaking, individual private proprietors, corporation of partnership and modern enterprises have come into being just in this order. The authors hold that chartered stock company is the direct origin of modern corporations in time of mercantilism, and modern corporations could not have come into being but for the compromise and concession on the part of the government. The analysis offered and conclusion reached by this paper can shed light on studies of development and reform of Chinese modern enterprises.