肃北蒙古人的宗教信仰特征

CHARACTERISTICS OF MONGOLIAN'S RELIGIOUS BELIEF IN THE NORTH OF GANSU PROVINCE

肃北蒙古人的先民大约从18世纪60年代起就陆续进入了今天的肃北地区。在特定的社会历史环境中,他们借鉴吸收了周围诸多民族的文化元素,不断适应新的社会文化环境,形成了自己独具风格的文化特征。为了进一步认识和了解肃北蒙古人文化在社会转型中的现状尤其是宗教文化的现状,笔者对甘肃省肃北蒙古族自治县进行过扎实的田野调查。经调查发现当今肃北蒙古人社会生活中大量残存古老萨满教信仰习俗,并部分习俗与现今的佛教信仰交融为一体;除此肃北蒙古人佛教信仰的独具特色之处是其僧俗不分现象;另外如今肃北蒙古人信仰出现了多样化和弱势化趋势便构成了他们宗教信仰的特征。

The ancestors of Mongolians in the north of Gansu gradually entered the present region since 1760s. In certain social and historical environments, they absorbed the cultural elements of many nationalities around them and formed their particular cultural characteristics by adapting step by step to the new social and cultural environment. In order to understand the present state of Mongolian culture in the north of Gansu in the social transitional period, especially the state of their religious culture, the author made on-the-spot observations in North-of-Gansu Mongolian Autonomous County, and discovered that North - of - Gansu Mongolians nowadays keep much of their belief in ancient Tibetan Buddhism and part of their customs are integrated with their belief in Buddhism; indiscrimination between monks and laymen is one outstanding characteristic of their religious belief; and diversification and weakening of their belief constitutes the characteristics of their religious belief.