经济转型过程中的技术创新——基于组织视角的考察

Technological Innovation in Economic Transition——An analysis based on organization

技术创新的实质是创造性破坏,会产生替代效应和互补效应,不同的效应导致不同的路径。技术创新的主体是企业,企业只有在适当的组织结构下才会有创新的激励,这种组织并不是可以随意创设的,是自发演进的结果。技术创新会面临使用先进技术与本国优势资源、自由竞争与国家干预的两难选择。技术创新究竟会导致后发优势还是后发劣势,关键是能否建立一个有利于选择适用技术和对有相对优势的产业进行激励的机制,这些结果的出现无不依赖于政府的耦合作用。技术创新对于经济转型具有推动作用。

The essence of technological innovation is process of creative destruction, which produce substitute and compliment effects that will lead to different paths. Unless the enterprise that makes technological innovation is under an appropriate organization structure, it would not have incentives for innovation. This kind of organization is not established at will but a spontaneous result of evolution. It is a dilemma to make choices between using foreign advanced technology and local advantage resource, adapting free competition and government intervene. Technological innovation would on earth result in backward advantage or backward disadvantage, the key is to establish mechanism in favor of choosing appropriate technology and motivating the relative advantage industries, however these all relies on government ＇ s coupling affects. To sum up,technological innovation has improvement effects on economic transition.