20世纪90年代东北地区省际间人口迁移的人力资本考察

Survey on Human Capital of Population Migration among Provinces in Northeast China in 1990s

人力资本的流动与人口迁移是两个相关但又不同的概念。区域间人力资本的流动情况更能反映人口迁移对区域发展的影响。采用教育年限来计量东北地区及其各省迁移所造成的人力资本的得失,结果表明,东北地区在1995-2000年间经历了较严重的人口流失和人力资本流失。但东北地区内部又表现为辽宁省人力资本大比率的流入和吉林省、黑龙江省人力资本大比率的流出。东北地区省份间出现的两种完全不同的情况反映了东北三省对人口与劳动力吸引的不同的社会与经济条件。

The flow of human capital and human migration are two connected but different concepts. The flow of human capital is a better indicator than human migration in measuring the impact of migration on regional development. This study measures the gain or loss of the Northeast region and that of the individual provinces within the region by measuring the total years of education of in - migrants and out - migrants. The results indicate that the Northeast region experienced a somehow serious loss in human capital because of migration in the period of 1995 - 2000. However, within the region, Liaoning experienced a high ratio of human capital inflow compared with outflow, and Jilin and Heilongjiang experienced a high ratio of human capital outflow cornpared with inflow. The sharp contrast of human capital flow reflects the differences in social - economic conditions in attracting migrants of these Drovinees.