社会风险研究的范式

Paradigms for Societal Risk Studies

在理论与现实的双重驱动下,社会风险研究在中国再度兴起。从学科交叉的视角来看,社会风险研究是一个从社会风险到公共危机的“连续统”;从学术的国际对话视角来看,社会风险研究是一个从现实主义到建构主义的“连续统”。如果以此为两个基本的维度,社会风险研究可以划分为“现实主义—社会风险”、“建构主义—社会风险”、“建构主义—公共危机”、“现实主义—公共危机”这四种研究范式。无论是社会风险研究逻辑的发展,还是中国社会转型的现实走势,都需要对现有的社会风险研究进行整合,打破社会风险研究与公共危机研究的学科分割,弥合现实主义研究与建构主义研究的鸿沟,总结“中国经验”,实现国际对话。

Due to the push of theories and reality, societal risk studies become emergent in China again. Interdisciplinaryly, they are an academic continuum with societal risks and public crises at both ends, and a continuum with realism and constructivism at the extremes if viewed in the context of academic dialogues within international community. Consequently, four paradigms can be distinguish ed. Both the studies per se and the transformation of Chinese society demand an integrative framework to break down the separation between the studies of societal risks and public crises, and to bridge the gap between the realistic and constructive studies so as to find out our experience with societal risk management and to hold dialogues with international community.