恶性血液病患者医院真菌感染危险因素的研究

Investigation of the Risk Factors of Hospital Fungal Infection in Patients with Hematological Malignancies

目的研究恶性血液病患者医院真菌感染的危险因素,为临床防治提供科学依据。方法前瞻性调查我院血液科收治的242例恶性血液病患者,并对与真菌感染相关的9个因素进行分析。结果恶性血液病患者医院真菌感染发病率为7.02%;感染部位以肺部为主,其次为胃肠道及口腔;年龄>60岁、住院时间≥30 d、抗生素联合应用≥3种及应用时间>7 d为医院真菌感染的独立发病危险因素。结论恶性血液病患者医院真菌感染发病率高,与多种因素有关,针对易感因素采取综合性的治疗、护理措施,对医院感染的发生及预后至关重要。

Objective To prevent and control nosocomial infection （NI） by studying the risk factors of hospital fungal infection in patients with hematological malignancies. Methods A prospective study was performed in 242 patients with hematological malignancies, 9 factors relating to fungal infection were analyzed. Results The rate of fungal infection in patients with hematological malignancies was 7.02%. Most infection appeared in lower respiratory tract, and then in gastrointestinal tract and oral cavity. The risk factors for NI were as follow： age（ ≥60y）, time in hospital （≥30d） , antibiotics combination（≥3） and using time （≥7d）. Conclusions The rate of fungal infection in patients with hematological malignancies is very high and muhifactorial. It is very important to adopt comprehensive treating and nurse methods for controlling NI.