南京市2005年学龄前儿童法定报告传染病流行病学分析

Epidemiological Analysis of the Notifiable Infectious Diseases among the Preschool Children of Nanjing in 2005

目的探讨2005年学龄前儿童传染病流行状况。方法收集、统计、分析2005年南京市学龄前儿童法定报告传染病报告卡。结果2005年学龄前儿童发生乙、丙类传染病共14种2 779例,无死亡病例。总发病率为1 000.99/10万,发病居前10位的依次为除霍乱,痢疾、伤寒和副伤寒以外的其他感染性腹泻病、细菌性痢疾、麻疹、流行性腮腺炎、梅毒、猩红热、淋病、百日咳、流行性感冒、伤寒副伤寒。在各类传染病构成比中,肠道传染病(其他感染性腹泻、痢疾、伤寒和副伤寒、甲型肝炎、未分型肝炎)发病数最多,占65 13%。结论肠道传染病是南京市儿童流行的一类主要传染病,呼吸道传染病麻疹近年来上升较为明显,防治肠道传染病,及时开展麻疹等疫苗的接种工作,仍是南京市今后儿童传染病防治工作的一个重要的内容。

[ Objective ] To explore the epidemiological features of the notifiable infectious diseases among the preschool children in Nanjing in 2005. [ Methods] The report data of the notifiable infectious diseases among the preschool children in Nanjing were collected and statistically analyzed. [ Results] 14 kinds of type B and C infectious diseases （2779 cases in total） were reported among the preschool children of Nanjing in 2005; the general morbidity was 1000.99/100 000; the top 10 infectious diseases were infectious diarrhea （except for cholerae, dysentery, typhoid and paratyphoid fever）, dysentery, measles, epidemic parotitis, syphilis, scarlet fever, gonorrhea, pertussis, influenza, typho- paratyphoid fever. In the constitution ratio, intestinal infectious diseases （ineluding infectious diarrhea, dysentery, typhoid and paratyphoid fever, hepatitis A, and unclassified hepatitis） accounted for 65. 13%. [ Conclusion] Intestinal infectious diseases are still the major infectious diseases among the children of Nanjing. Measles and other respiratory tract infectious diseases had ascended obviously in recent years. Prevention and control of intestinal infectious diseases and inoculation for measles and other of respiratory tract infectious diseases should be emphasized.