纳米铜在润滑油中烷基苯三唑分散剂的制备和性能研究

Synthesis and Performance of Alkylbenzotriazole Dispersants for Copper Powder in Lubricant

为提高铜纳米颗粒在润滑油中的分散性能,以苯并三氮唑和卤代烃为原料,合成烷基苯并三氮唑分散剂,并通过红外光谱和核磁共振确定化合物的结构;通过沉降试验、流变性能的测试考察了分散剂的烷基链长、分散剂的用量对分散性能的影响,并通过热分析和TEM对分散剂的分散性能做进一步考察。结果表明：分散剂的链长为十八时,分散剂质量分数为0.1%-0.2%时分散剂的分散性能最好;并且分散剂的质量分数小于0.2%时对润滑油流变性能的影响很小;分散剂与纳米铜的结合不仅有物理吸附还有化学吸附。在四球摩擦磨损试验机上进行的摩擦学性能试验结果表明,采用所合成的分散剂分散的铜纳米微粒添加剂能够显著提高基础油的极压性能,同时具有良好的减摩性能。

To improve nano Cu powder dispersing in lubricant, a dispersant alkylbenzotriazole was synthesized from halohydrocarbon and benzotriazole. The dispersant was analyzed by IR and NMR. The experiements for sedimentation and rheology show that the suspension becaome more stable when the dispersant of stearyl benzotriazole was added and the mass fraction of the dispersant is between 0. 1% and 0. 2%. When the mass fraction of the dispersant is less than 0. 2% ,there is tiny effect on rheological property of lubricant. The condition of nano copper dispersed was observed by TEM. To analyze the adsorption mechanism between nano copper surface and the dispersant, Thermogravimetry （TG） were measured. The results indicate that dispersant is adsorbed to the surface of nano Cu by physical adsorption and chemical adsorption. The tribological behaviors of Cu as additive in lubricant were evaluated. The result shows that Cu nanopraticle possesses excellent load carrying capacity and antiwear property.