日本血吸虫中间宿主湖北钉螺遗传变异的空间相关分析

Spatial genetic correlation analyses of schistosome japonicum intermediate hosts within ocomelania hupensis (Gastropoda: Rissooidea) from China's Mainland based on amplified fragment length polymorphisms

目的探讨湖北钉螺的空间遗传结构。方法采用扩增片段长度多态性(AFLP)分子标记技术对10省或自治区(云南、四川、广西、福建、湖南、湖北、江西、安徽、江苏和浙江)25个钉螺种群基因组DNA进行扩增,分析钉螺种群间的遗传距离与地理距离的相关性。结果25个钉螺种群间的遗传距离D和Nei无偏遗传距离,都与其地理距离存在明显的正相关性(P<0.001),相关系数分别为0.5234和0.5622;湖北钉螺指名亚种种群间的遗传距离与地理距离也存在正相关(P<0.001),遗传距离D的相关系数为0.5276,Nei无偏遗传距离的为0.5770;无论是肋壳钉螺还是光壳钉螺,钉螺种群间的遗传距离都与地理距离存在正相关(P<0.001),肋壳钉螺种群间的遗传距离D和Nei无偏遗传距离与地理距离的相关系数分别为0.3612和0.3916,光壳钉螺的相关系数分别为0.7535和0.7500。结论在我国大陆广泛分布的湖北钉螺种群间具有明显的空间遗传结构。

Purpose To explore the spatial genetic structure of oncomelania hupensis from China's Mainland. Methods AFLP method was employed to amplify the genomic DNA of twenty five snail populations from ten provinces or autonomous region （i. e. Yunnan, Sichuan, Guangxi, Fujian, Hunan, Hubei, Jiangxi, Anhui, Jiangsu and Zhejiang） and the correlation between genetic variation and geographical distance was analyzed. Results There was a significant positive correlation between genetic and geographical distance for twenty five snail populations （P〈0. 001）, the correlation coefficient being 0. 523 4 for genetic distance D and 0. 562 2 for Nei＇s unbias genetic distance. The correlation between genetic and geographical distance was significant among snail populations of O. h. hupensis （P 〈0. 001）, the correlation coefficient being 0. 527 6 for genetic distance D and 0. 577 0 for Nei＇s unbias genetic distance. For both ribbed-shelled and smooth-shelled snail, there were significant positive correlations between genetic and geographical distance （P〈0. 001）. For ribbed-shelled snail, the correlation coefficient was 0. 361 2 for genetic distance D, 0. 391 6 for Nei＇s unbias genetic distance, and for smooth-shelled snail, the correlation coefficient was 0. 753 5 for genetic distance D, 0. 750 0 for Nei＇s unbias genetic distance. Conclusions There was significant spatial genetic structure among snail populations of oncomelania hupensis widespread distributed in China's Mainland.