断裂系统解释与储层预测中的三维相干技术

3D coherence technique in fault system interpretation and reservoir prediction

三维相干技术是根据三维地震数据体中相邻地震道之间地震信号的相似性来判断地层、岩性的横向非均匀性,它具有下列特点:1)从工区构造体系特征出发,自动检测断裂系统,避免了常规构造解释对解释人员经验的依赖性,使得解释结果更客观、真实;2)相干道数、时窗大小以及时延参数的选择对三维相干技术的处理效果起着至关重要的作用;3)应用三维相干技术不仅可以自动检测断裂系统,而且可以描述储层的横向非均匀性,确定特殊地质异常体的边界,如:岩溶地貌特征、河道砂、砂坝等;4)充分发挥了计算机运算速度快的特点,提高了解释效率,缩短了勘探周期。

3 D coherence technique can be used to determine the horizontal heterogeneity of strata and lithology by capturing the signal coherency of adjacent seismic channels among the data volume of 3 D seismics. The technique has the following features ： （1） it is based on tectonic characteristics of acquisition areas and can automatically detect the fault systems, thus yielding more objective interpretations by avoiding the dependence on workers＇ experiences of conventional structural interpretation ; （2） numbers of coherent track, size of time window, and selection of delay parameters, are of vital importance for the interpretation quality of the technique ; （3） it can be used in the description of horizontal heterogeneity of reservoirs and determination of the boundary of special geologic anomalous bodies, such as karst topography, channel sand, sand bank, and etc. ; （4） by utilizing the rapid processing speed of computers, it enhances the interpretation efficiency and reduces the exploration cycle.