有关北京猿人生存环境的探讨

Discussion on the Paleoenvironment of the Peking Man Site

本文列举并梳理了有关北京猿人生存环境研究的各种不同观点,发现以往研究主要根据孢粉、动物群和沉积物三方面证据进行,通过论证作者在每方面都指出了自己支持的观点,并探讨了第7层环境研究中出现的问题,最后将三种要素反映的北京猿人生存环境变化情况基本统一。

There are many conclusions given about the paleoenvironment of the Peking Man site, which are usually based on three sources of evidence： sporopollen, fauna, and sediment. In this paper, different points of view are analyzed. For example, research on the sporopollen, by Kong Zhaochen is accepted by most scholars. However because of the different methods used for analyses of fauna and sediments, results of these studies are more controversial. A good example is the interpretation of the 7th layer at the Peking Man site. According to the evidence from sedimentation and from sporopollen, this layer is considered alternately wet and dry, however based on the faunal analysis the 7th layer is thought to only represent a wet period. It is believed that the former interpretation is correct because it is derived from sub-layer evidence, while the latter idea comes from the whole stratigraphic layer. Thus the conclusion drawn from the sedimentary layering arid the speropollen is more accurate than the one drawn from the faunal remains. Here is a list of the suggested paleoenvironments for each of the Peking Man site layers： Layers 11- 10 dry ; expanded steppe; Layers 9-8 warm and wet; expanded forest; Layer 7 alternately dry and wet ; dominant shrub steppe; Layer 6 warm and wet; dominant forest; Layer 5 warm and wet; dominant forest ; Layer 4 dry and cold ; forest shrunk, and expanded steppe; Layers 3-1 expanded steppe with climate change from cold and dry to warm and wet frequently.