中国北方美貌女性颅面骨三维测量数据库的建立

Establishment of the database of female skull by the sthetics

目的 在已建立正常人颅面骨三维定量测量数据库的基础上，筛选出女性美貌人群，探求其颅面骨所蕴涵着的和谐比例规律。方法 选择正常女性且美貌者170名，在正常牙尖交错位状态下行螺旋CT扫描，由工作站进行颅面骨三维重建，使用三维测量软件对颅面骨三维影像结构进行三维测量。将测量的线距、角度、比值等数据以SPSS软件为基础制作动态数据库。结果 在动态数据库中，可以由计算机自动计算任意例数组的平均数、标准差、标准误、中位数、变异系数和95％的可信区间，可求出任意两组数据的的比值和任意几组数据的相关关系，回归方程。美貌女性下颌角宽度的多元逐步回归方程：Y=0．578X1＋0．754X2＋0．228X3-0．579X4-14．672；颧面宽：Y=0．775X1＋0．161X2＋0．348X3＋0．201X4＋27．730。本数据库显示：下颌角宽与颧面宽比值95％的可信区间0．633～0．712，颧面宽与面高比值95％的可信区间0．743～0．780，颏角与下颌角的角度比值95％的可信区间0．485～0．549，前鼻棘到上颌中切牙切缘距离与下颌中切牙切缘到颏下点的距离的比值均数为0．621，接近黄金分割0．618。结论 涉及下颌骨的线距和角度的变异系数大于上颌骨大于颅底，下颌骨的变异程度较大，数据比值的标准差远小于数据范围的标准差。本数据库有助于对面部骨轮廓美容整形手术的术前设计和手术术式的选择提供参考，特别是计算出美貌人群颅面骨各个部位线距、角度的比例，有助于对美貌人群颅面骨正常发育过程进行形态学研究提供量化分析依据。

Objective The three-dimensional（3D） craniofacial measurements were studied through the quantitative computed tomography（CT）. The dynamic database of quantitative measurement of three-dimensional craniofacial bone was established as mandible in physiological position. Methods 170 aesthetics female were examined by spiral volumetric CT （GE SR-7000）. 3D craniofacial bone images were reformatted and 3D measurements were performed in SUN Workstation respectively. 33 points were defined in the 3-d craniofacial structure in screen, 14 distances and 11 angles were measured, and 12 ratios were calculated in each case. All data were transfered into the database based on the SPSS software. There is all information of one case （ such as number, sex, age, distances, angers） in one row; each column is a measurement item. The mean, standard deviation, standard error, medium, coefficient of variation and 95 % confidence interval of data can be calculated and the correlation, regression between several groups of measurement item can be proceeded by computer automatically in the dynamic database. Results 3D craniofacial bone imagings were displayed in arbitrary views without disturbing superposition by using cutting, rotating and 3D measurement procedures. The large data volume provides more information of spatial relationship of skull base, zygomatic bone, maxilla, mandible and vertebra. The coefficient of variation of skull base is less than them of maxilla and mandible. The standard deviation of ratios is further smaller than the standard deviation of distances and angles. With stepwise regression. the equation is （Go - Go） Y = 0.578X1 ＋ 0.754X2 ＋ 0.228X3 - 0.579X4 - 14.672; （Tz - Tz） ：Y = 0.775X1 ＋ 0. 161 X2 ＋ 0.348X3 ＋ 0. 201X4 ＋ 27. 730. Conclusions The database offers reference of the studying of growth rule of eraniofacial bone of aesthetics female. It will help improve diagnostic accuracy, staging of reconstruction, precision of eorreetive surgery, and follow-up patients.