东北地区少数民族萨满造型艺术——民族学田野调查案例研究

Plastic Art of the Minority Shaman in the Northeast——ethnology field research cases study

萨满教的造型艺术,是指与萨满巫仪过程中有关的各种形象艺术,包括萨满佩带的面具、身着的服饰、供奉的神偶、使用的乐器、法器以及祭祀方式中的祭坛、祭品、祭器和所应用的符号文字。这些造型艺术,是以物质文化为载体而上升到精神文化领域的艺术形式,是艺术化的物态符号。萨满教造型艺术中的这些符号充满了萨满诗性的智慧,萨满把这些诗性的符号在有限的人间,扩展到无限的神的世界,是萨满沟通“人”与“神”之间的工具,萨满是这些意志作用的创造者。

The plastic art of Shaman refers to the imagery arts in the process of the witchery rite of the minority, including the mask, costume, consecrated god, musical instrument, worship implement, sacrificial altar, oblation, as well as applied symbol - script. The art, though in the material form, reveals the spiritual culture of the minority. It is a material symbol, which is brimming with the poetic wisdom of Shaman, expanded from the limited human world to the infinite god world. It is also a means that Shaman communicates between the human and god. Shaman is the creator of the will expression.