我院2001年～2005年细菌耐药性变化的分析

Analysis of Bacterial Drug Resistance Changes in Our Hospital During 2001～2005

目的:掌握我院患者常见病原菌及其耐药情况,为临床合理应用抗菌药物提供有力证据。方法:对我院2001年～2005年分离菌株对抗菌药物的敏感情况进行分析。结果:2001年～2005年我院引起感染的致病菌以革兰阴性杆菌为主,占全年分离细菌总数的59.46%～69.75%;革兰阳性球菌占30.25%～40.54%。居革兰阴性杆菌前3位的细菌为铜绿假单胞菌、埃希氏大肠杆菌和鲍曼不动杆菌,革兰阳性球菌中以表皮葡萄球菌、粪肠球菌和金葡菌为主要致病菌。2004年～2005年我院分离的真菌菌株数分别占全年病原菌总分离数的15.13%～18.78%,真菌主要为念珠菌,以白色念珠菌为多,占真菌总数的63%左右。结论:临床科室在住院患者开始抗菌治疗以前,应规范收集相应标本,立即送细菌培养,以尽早明确病原菌和药敏结果,并结合患者临床表现特点及病理、生理特点来综合分析,选择针对性强、抗菌作用优越的抗菌药物,以获得满意疗效。

OBJECTIVE： To study the common pathogenic bacteria and their drug resistance so as to provide strong evidences for clinical rational use of antibacterials. METHODS： We analyzed the susceptibility of the isolated strains during 2001 - 2005 to antibacterials. RESULTS： Gram negative bacilli （GNB） were the most common bacteria that caused infection from 2001 to 2005, accounting for 59.46% - 69.75% of the total isolated bacteria, followed by gram positive coccus （GPC） （30.25% - 40.54%）. Leading the first 3 places on the list of GNB were pseudomonas aeruginosa, E coli and baumanii, and the most common GPC were staphylococcus epidermidis, enterococcus faecalis and staphylococcus aureus. The isolated fungi during 2004 - 2005 accounted for 15.13% - 18.78% respectively, with monilia, in particular, blastomyces albicans showing the highest proportion, accounting for about 63 % in respective year. CONCLUSION： Standard related samples in clinical departments should be taken for culture prior to antibiotic therapy to identify the pathogenic bacteria and test drug susceptibility. The choice of antibacterials that of superior antibacterial action should be based on the comprehensive analysis on patients＇ clinical manifestation, pathological and physical characteristics so as to achieve satisfactory curative effects.