超临界CO_2萃取大豆卵磷脂工艺研究

Extracting Soybean Lecithin with Supercritical Carbon Dioxide

为最大限度萃取大豆中的卵磷脂,并获得高纯度大豆卵磷脂,利用超临界CO2萃取技术,采用四因子二次通用旋转组合设计,研究了萃取压力、萃取温度、萃取时间、乙醇添加量对卵磷脂萃取率的影响。结果表明:四因子对卵磷脂萃取率的影响大小依次为乙醇添加量>萃取温度>萃取时间>萃取压力;萃取温度和乙醇添加量之间存在显著的交互效应(P<0.05),其它因子间交互效应均不显著(P>0.05);超临界CO2萃取大豆卵磷脂的最佳工艺条件为:萃取压力40MPa、萃取温度40℃、萃取时间150m in、乙醇添加量20%,此条件下卵磷脂的萃取率为93%,萃取的卵磷脂纯度达78.24%。

In order to maximize the extraction rate and acquire high purity lecithin, supercritical CO2 was applied to extract soybean lecithin from soybean meal, and the influences of pressure, temperature, time, and ethanol dosage on the extraction rate and lecithin purity were studied according to a four factors quadratic rotating design. The results show that ethanol dosage is more effectual to raise the lecithin extraction rate than temperature, time, and pressure. There is significant synergy between temperature and ethanol dosage （P 〈 0.05 ） and no significant synergy between other factors. The obtained optimum extraction conditions are pressure 40 MPa,temperature 40℃ ,time 150 min and ethanol dosage 20%. The extraction rate and purity of the lecithin extracted by supercritical CO2 under the optimum conditions is 93% and 78.24 %, respectively.