食品安全中生产者、消费者和政府行为的博弈分析及对我国食品安全管理的启示

The Game Analysis of Behaviors of the Producers,Consumers,Government in Food Safty and the Solution to Information Asymmetry

食品是人类社会赖以生存和发展的最基本的物质条件,其安全状况直接关系着消费者的身体健康和生命安全。但生产者和消费者之间的信息不对称可能会导致食品市场的崩溃,这就需要政府的介入以纠正信息不对称带来的市场失灵。然而,生产者和政府的最优行为与生产者的产品收入、生产成本以及政府的检查成本和惩罚力度有关,因此,建立从食品经营者到食品生产者的质量责任追溯和惩罚机制、加强市场准入的事前管理、建立严格自律的行业协会组织有助于减少食品行业的信息不对称,提高政府监管的效率和控制能力。

Food is the most basic material condition for human society to exist and develop, the safety condition directly concerns with the consumers＇health and life.However the information asymmetry between producers and consumers may lead to the crash of food market, which calls for the intervention of government to correct the market failure caused by the information asymmetry.However, the best function of producers and government is connected with production income, production cost, supervision and punishment of the government.So we should set up the quality responsible backward and punishment system, strengthen the beforehand management of market admittance, build strict self-discipline guild organization to reduce the information asymmetry and improve the supervision efficiency and control competence of the government.