摘要
夫朗和费(Fraunhofer)衍射是大学光学教学中的重点。从单缝、矩孔到圆孔衍射,数学推导过程逐渐变得复杂且不易理解。相对于单缝衍射,圆孔衍射公式中产生“1.22”系数的修正,其物理本质何在?文中不用任何贝塞尔函数的知识,充分利用物理思想来解释其成因,并得到相同的结果。最后,利用文中的思想和数值计算的方法来解决任意几何形状的孔衍射问题。
Fraunhofer diffraction is very important in Optics instruction. From a single slit, a rectangular aperture to a circular aperture, the mathematical deductions become more and more complex and are hard to be understood by students. Compared to a single slit diffraction formula, an extra constant ＂1.22＂ shows up in the diffraction formula for a circular aperture. What is the physical essence？ In this paper, we explain it with physical ideas, not any knowledge of the Bessel Function, and get the same formula. Finally, with the same idea and the method of numerical calculation, we give solution to the aperture diffraction with arbitrary shapes.
出处
《绵阳师范学院学报》
2007年第2期58-64,共7页
Journal of Mianyang Teachers＇ College
关键词
夫朗和费衍射
第一暗环
贝塞尔函数
Fraunhofer diffraction
first dark ring
Bessel function
