镉与镍对豚鼠肺泡巨噬细胞膜的联合毒性研究

Study on the combined toxic effect of Cd and Ni on the plasma membrane of guinea pig alveolar macrophages

为研究镉、镍的联合细胞毒性，观察、比较了不同浓度的氯化镉、氯化镍单独或联合与豚鼠肺泡巨噬细胞共同孵育后，培养上清液中乳酸脱氢酶（ＬＤＨ）活力的变化。结果表明：两金属离子单独或联合作用均可损伤质膜，氯化镉的膜毒性大于氯化镍。加权回归三阶多项式数学模型的分析表明：两者的联合作用特征与其剂量有关，剂量为０．０１０（０．００５、０．００５）ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ时呈相加作用，剂量为０．０７５（０．０３８、０．０３８）和０．１５０（０．０７５、０．０７５）ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ时呈拮抗作用。镉与镍的联合毒性还需进一步研究，加权回归三阶多项式数学模型是一种很有应用前景的分析。

Studies on the change of activity of LDH releasing from guinea pig alveolar macrophages into culture medium were conducted,to evaluate the combined effects of these two metal ions on cellular membrane.Cells had been incubated with 0.010,0.075,0.150,0.200 mmol/L cadmium chloride,nickel chloride solution,alone or in combination,at 37℃ for 2 hours.Distilled H 2O was used as control.In combined group,concentration ratio of Cd(Ⅱ) to Ni(Ⅱ) was 1∶1.The results showed that two metal ions,alone or in combination,could significantly injure cellular membrane( P <0.05 or P <0.01 vs control group, F test),and the toxicity of Cd(Ⅱ) was greater than that of Ni(Ⅱ),and that the difference between these two groups was statisticaly significant at dosage of 0.075,0.150 mmol/L( P <0.01, t test). By weighted third order polynomial regression,the combined effect of these two metal ions was characterized as additive effect at 0.010(0.005,0.005) mmol/L,antagonistic one at 0.075(0.038, 0.038) , 0.150 (0.075,0.075) mmol/L.The combined effect of cadmium and nickel need to be further studied.A useful method for evaluation of the combined effect was recommended.