铝熔铸作业工人神经行为功能的研究

Neurobehavioral function of workers occupationally exposed to aluminum

为探讨铝对作业工人神经系统的影响，寻找对铝作业工人健康监护的早期指标，对３６名铝熔铸作业工人（车间空气中铝尘和铝浓度分别为１．６５ｍｇ／ｍ３和０．２５ｍｇ／ｍ３（ＴＷＡ））和４０名对照工人，应用ＷＨＯ－ＮＣＴＢ进行了神经行为功能测定；同时测定了尿铝、尿中高香草酸（ＨＶＡ）和香草扁桃酸（ＶＭＡ）的含量。结果发现：铝接触工人注意力、手的运动协调能力、视感知记忆力下降，反应时的标准差和最慢反应时间延长（Ｐ＝０．００２５，Ｐ＝０．００６６），提转捷度测试得分降低（Ｐ＝０．０２６），数字译码和Ｂｅｎ－ｔｏｎ视觉保留测试得分降低（Ｐ＝０．０２３，Ｐ＝０．００３）。分层分析发现：后３项分测试得分随接触时间延长而降低，铝作业工人尿ＶＭＡ和尿铝含量高于对照组。提示：铝可能对作业工人的神经系统产生影响。

The present study were to explore the neurotoxic effects of aluminum on exposed workers and to search for early monitoring index of Al induced neurotoxic effects.Neurobehavioral functions of 36 Al exposed and 40 unexposed workers were assessed using Neurobehavioral Core Test Battery (NCTB) recommended by WHO/NIOSH.Meanwhile,the concentrations of aluminum dust at the workplaces and urinary aluminum, HVA and VMA were detected.The neurobehavioral functions of attention, mannal dexterity and visual perception/memory, in terms of simple reaction time, Santa Ana, digit symbol and Benton visual retention, were found to be retarded in Al exposed workers. Increased excretion of urinary aluminum and VMA were substantiated in them.The results suggested that aluminun exposure may affect the neurobehavioral functions and metabolism of catecholamine.So,the alterations of neurobehavioral functions and urinary aluminun and VMA would be useful biomarkers in detecting Al induced dysfunction of central nervous system.