先天性非交通型脑积水大鼠模型研究

Rat model of congenital noncommunicating hydrocephalus

目的通过对自发性脑积水动物进行系统观察,探讨建立先天性脑积水模型的可能。方法对幼鼠进行临床症状观察,尿液代谢扫描以及传染性因子的检测,应用GE公司Twinspeed 1.5 T双梯度MR仪,DUALTMJ颞颌关节表面线圈进行头部的磁共振检查,然后解剖进行大体和光镜病理学检查。结果磁共振示颅内重度脑积水,大脑皮层受压萎缩,基底节区脑组织形态及信号正常。本病并不是由于代谢紊乱所致,而是一个可以遗传的因导水管狭窄、阻塞性的非交通型脑积水,为国内外所没有。结论由于大鼠的饲养管理简单、方便,且较其他动物经济,提供的脑标本体积又较大,孕期也较短,窝(代)发病率高,生理性自发的性状及病理学改变与人类儿童非交通型脑积水疾病的相似性,可以成为一个理想的脑积水动物模型。

Objective To study some biological characteristics of congenital hydrocephalus in Wistar rats and to discuss the feasibility of establishing the rat model of congenital hydrocephalus. Methods The Wistar rats with hydrocephalus were observed in their symptoms and performed on some examinations including urine metabolism scanning, infective factor detection and cranial MRI with Twinspeed 1.5 T double gradient MR instrument and DUALTMJ surface coil. The skulls of the rats were put into Borin liquid to fix, and were sectioned coronally and continuously for gross and microscopic observations. Results MRI showed severe hydrocephalus and cerebral cortex shrink due to the compression, but the shape and signals at the basal ganglia were normal. This model was of noncommunicating type that was induced by aqueduct stenosis and obstruction rather than metabolic disorder. Conclusion This rat will became a new ideal model of congenital hydrocephalus which is classified as noncommunicating hydrocephalus, with advantages such as relatively large size of brain, short duration of pregnancy, easy breeding, high incidence in a brood or generation of rats, similar pathological characteristics with children＇ s noncommunicating hydrocephalus.