立法管理 认证规范 评估监督 需求引导——谈美国高等教育发展的四大宏观调控机制

Management through Legislation,Regulation by Accreditation,Evaluation & Supervision & Guidance by Demand——the Four Major Macro-Control Systems in US Higher Education Development

美国高等教育整体发展模式,是得到世界各国公认的较为成功的一种模式。在美国高等教育的发展进程中,立法管理、认证规范、评估监督、需求引导等四个方面,是构成其整体运行机制的制约与调控力量,也是美国高等院校确立与发展的基本模式,它制约着各种类型、不同层次高等院校的共同运行轨迹。

The overall development model of US higher education is widely recognized by the world as one of the successful approaches. Four major aspects： management through legislation, regulation by accreditation, evaluation and supervision and guidance by demand are the restricting and controlling powers composing the overall operation system in the development of US higher education. They condition the common progressive path of higher education institutions of different types and levels.