《奥胡斯公约》中的环境知情权及其启示——兼论我国公民环境知情权的立法与实践

Citizen’s right to obtain information in environmental matters of The Aarhus Convention and its enlightenment:And on the legislation and practice of citizen’s right to obtain information in environmental matters of China

《奥胡斯公约》是迄今为止公民环境知情权保护最完善的国际公约,公约详尽地规定了环境信息的范围、信息公开的程序、豁免事由、救济措施等内容。我国公民环境知情权的立法已经形成一个初步的框架,实践中也采取了多种有利于实现该权利的措施,但目前仍然存在着信息公开的范围过窄、行政主体有限、程序不明确、未能配合公众参与制度的需要、缺乏相应的救济措施等不足,《奥胡斯公约》可为我国相关立法的完善提供借鉴。

The Aarhus Convention is the most significant international instrument on the protection of citizen＇ s right to obtain information in environmental matters. The Convention contains the scope of information, the obligation on public authorities to provide information, exemptions, access to justice and so on. China has formed a legal system on the protection of citizen＇ s right to obtain information in environmental matters. The government also adopt many measures of providing access to information. But China still faces many problems in this matter , such as both the scope of information and the public authorities are narrow, lack of clear procedure, lack of timely and effective notification and opportunities to inspect information of public participation, lack of access to justice, and so on. The Aarhus Convention is a good example to China.