我国高寒草甸植被生产力及其影响因子

Productivity and Its Influencing Factors in Alpine Meadow in China

生物量是重要的植物群落数量特征，直接反映生态系统生产者的物质生产量，是生态系统生产力的重要体现。高寒草甸广泛分布于青藏高原，是高寒生态系统的主要植被类型。回顾了高寒草甸生物量的研究成果。高寒草甸生物量呈典型的金字塔式垂直分布格局，地上生物量主要集中于0—10cm的冠层，地下生物量也集中分布于0—10cm的土层内。增温和多雨会降低生物量，叶面积和物种丰富度与地上生物量成正相关关系，氮素的增加有助于植被生物量的增长，而放牧率与生物量成显著负相关。

Biomass was an important plant community characteristic, and it reflected directly the primary productivity in ecosystem. Alpine meadow was a main vegetation type of alpine ecosystem in Qinghai-Xizang Plateau. We concluded the research of the biomass in alpine meadow. The vertical distribution of both above and below ground biomass in alpine meadow showed a pyramidic pattern,and the above and below ground biomass were respectively concentrated in the 0 - 10 cm layers above and below the ground. Besides, we discussed the effects of ecological factors on biomasso The biomass decreased with the influence of temperature and rainfall increase, but application of nitrogen can help the plant grow. Leaf area and species richness was positively correlated with aboveground biomass, and yet stoking rates for yaks had significantly negative correlation with vegetation biomass.