牛津大学

Oxford University

牛津大学是一所独特而有历史意义的学校。作为世界上最古老的讲英语的大学，牛津大学已经连续存在了8个世纪。虽然没有牛津大学宣称确切的建校时间，但是它的某种形式的教学活动在1096年就已经存在，从1167年开始迅速发展，当时亨利二世下令禁止英国的（神学）学生到巴黎大学（研究神学或宗教）。1188年，成尔士的历史学家杰拉德向集会的牛津大学教师作了一次公开的阐释。1190年，荷兰的弗里斯兰省的艾默，第一位著名的留学生，开创了牛津大学国际奖学金的传统。到1201年，牛津大学由教师傲克瑟尼领导，1214年他被授予校长称号。

Oxford is a unique and historic institution. As the oldest English-speaking university in the world, it lays claim to eight centuries of continuous existence. There is no clear date of foundation, but teaching existed at Oxford in some form in 1096 and developed rapidly from 1167, when Henry Ⅱ banned English students from attending the University of Paris. In 1188, the historian, Gerald of Wales, gave a public reading to the assembled Oxford dons and in 1190 the arrival of Emo of Friesland, the first known overseas student, initiated the University＇ s tradition of international scholarship. By 1201, the University was headed by a magister Oxonie, on whom the title of Chancellor was conferred in 1214.