乌鲁木齐南郊土壤动物群落物结构的初步研究

Preliminary Study of the Soil Animal Communities Structure in Southern Part of Urumqi,Xinjiang

为了解乌鲁木齐城市土壤动物群落结构及物种多样性,从2006年4月至8月对该地区土壤动物进行了研究.结果共获标本529只隶属于3门4纲10目.其中节支动物的数量最多,有215个,占40.64%;环节动物有168个,占总数的31.75%,软体动物有146个占27.59%.寡毛纲、腹足纲和昆虫纲属于优势类群.在多样性分析中发现,林地(A1:2.567;A2:3.362)>林缘草地(C1:2.707;C2:2.878)>草地(B1:2.063;B2:1.830).土壤动物在土壤中具有垂直分布特征,随着土壤深度物种数量逐渐减少.

In this paper the soil animal community structure in Urumqi city ecosystem were investigated from Apr to Aug in 2006. As the result shows that in total 529 specimens were collected, which belonged to 3 phylums, 4 classes and 10 orders. Among them the Arthropoda have 215 individuals 40.64%; Annelida have 168 individuals 31.75% and Mollusca have 146 individuals and 27.59%. Oligachaeta, Gastropoda and Insecta were the dominants species. The species diversity index shows that forest has the greatest diversity （A1：2. 567; A2：3. 362）; forest and artificial grassland diversity is less than forest （C1：2. 707 ;C2：2. 878） and the diversity of grass land （B1：2. 063 ;B2：1. 830） was lowest.