减毒鼠伤寒沙门菌活疫苗载体研究进展

Progress on Live Recombinant Attenuated Salmonella typhimurium Vector Vaccine

活载体疫苗技术的发展促使产生了更多的疫苗设计新思路。沙门菌是一种肠道细菌,目前已通过基因突变的方法构建了许多种减毒株,如GID101、GID105、X4064、ZJⅢ、Ty800、X4632、X4550、X4072和X3730等,这些减毒株被突变掉了两个或两个以上的基因,然而其基因型和血清型仍很稳定,所以人们常将其用作基因疫苗的表达载体或运送载体。现在已有许多种细菌、病毒和寄生虫的减毒沙门菌活载体疫苗被研制成功。文章对沙门菌的减毒方法,减毒沙门菌的免疫机理以及其用途和作为疫苗载体的优缺点做了简述。

The development of live vector vaccine technology gives us more new train of thoughts to design vaccine. Salmonella is an enteric pathogenic bacterium. At present many attenuated strains had been constructed succeed through gene mutation, for example GID101,GID105, X4064, ZJ Ⅲ ,Ty800, X4632, X4550, X4072,X3730 and so on. Those attenuated strains had been mutated out 2 or more genes,but the genotype and phenotype were very stable, so makeing Salmonella as expression or transport vetor. Now there are many kinds of bacterium,virus and parasite vaccines that used attenuated Salmonella as live vector. In this article the way to attenuate virulence, the mechanism of immunity and the merits and demerits of Salmonella as live vector were reviewed.