微血管内皮细胞的体外分离培养方法概述

Study on Approach for Isolation and Culture of Microvascular Endothelial Cells

微血管内皮细胞在许多病理生理过程中起着关键性的作用。应用体外培养的微血管内皮细胞,不仅广泛应用于微循环系统对不同生理或病理刺激的反应,也可阐明伴随微血管功能障碍和组织损伤的某些疾病的病理机制,所以分离培养动物及人各个器官组织微血管内皮细胞的报道日渐增多。微血管内皮细胞分离方法主要有3种,包括酶消化法、机械分离法和磁珠分离法,每种方法各有利弊。微血管内皮细胞一般通过其表面的血管紧张素酶、摄取乙酰基低密度脂蛋白和表达Ⅷ因子相关抗原进行鉴定。目前从不同组织器官分离培养微血管内皮细胞的方法已经比较成熟。

Microvascular endothelial cells plays a critical role m a number ot physiological and patnoiogical processes. Endothelial cell monolayers have been widely used to characterize the responses of the microvasculature to different physiological stimuli and pathological stresses. Enthusiasm for this approach has increased as a result of recently reported successes in isolating and culturing endothelial cells derived from animal and human. Several different general approaches have been used to harvest endothelial cells（including enzymatical removing the cells, mincing and enzymatical digesting the entire organ system and mechanical scraping the cells） , each with certain advantages and limitations. Endothelial cell monolayers can also be identified by the presence of angiotensin-converting enzyme on the cell surface, uptake of acetylated low-density lipoprotein（LDL）, and expression of factor Ⅷ. Technological and methodological advances have allowed for the harvesting of endothelial cells from a variety of organ systems of different species.