不同家庭经济背景士兵群体的人格因素与心理健康水平比较

Comparison of Personality Characters and Psychological Health level in Soldiers with Different Family Financial Situations

目的探讨我军士兵人格形成的多维影响因素,为塑造我军士兵现代人格提供依据。方法美国心理学家Cattell RB根据人格特质学说,采用因素分析方法编制而成的16项人格因素问卷(16 personality factor questionnaire,简称16PF)作为测量工具,以某部士兵为对象,由专业人员按统一的指导语组织实施,限定60min内完成,超时为无效测试。遵循16PF的标定记分方法和标定公式,在计算出各根源性因素得分的基础上,再分别计算得出“适应与焦虑、内向与外向、感情用事与安详机警、怯懦与果断”4项二级因素和“心理健康、专业成就、创造能力、新环境成长能力”4项综合评估结果。结果家庭经济条件好的群体在“敢为性、外向性因素”及“心理健康”因素上得分上明显高于家庭经济条件差者群体(P≤0.05,P≤0.01);反之,家庭经济条件差者的士兵群体的“忧虑性”因素得分显著高于家庭经济条件好的群体(P≤0.05),心理健康评分显著低于家境好的士兵群体(P≤0.05)。结论家庭经济背景对“敢为性、外向性”人格因素的形成及“心理健康"水平具有影响性。

Objective To investigate the multiple factors which influence the formation of the personality characters in the soldiers of our army and to provide references for building modern personality of soldiers. Method The soldiers in a certain troop were tasted by 16 personality factors questionnaire （16PF） ,which was made according to the personality character theory by American psychologist, Cattell RB throngh factor analysis method . The test was performed under the united direction of the professionals within 60 minutes, ~nd became invalid after that deadline. According to the scoring method and formula of 16PF, the primary personality factors were evaluated and on the basis of these evaluations, 4. second factors, i.e. introversion or extroversion, adaptation or anxiety, impetuous action or composed vigilance, and overcaution or resolution, and 3. synthesized evaluations including mental health, professional achievements, creativity and flexibility in new environment were calculated respectively. Results The scores of factors such as social boldness,extroversion and mental health in the soldiers with better family financial situations was significantly higher than that in the soldiers with the worse situations （ P ≤0.05 or P ≤0.01 ）. On the contrary, the score of apprehensions in the soldiers with worse financial situations was significantly higher than that in the soldiers with better situations（ P ≤0.05）. Conclusion The family financial situation influences the formation of the ＂social boldness＂ and ＇extroversion＂ factors and mental health.