关于数字卦与六十四卦符号体系之形成问题

On the six-digit numbers and the formation of the sixty-four hexagrams

将见于商周器物上的数字卦与传逝文献的有关记载结合起来分析,商周时期应已存在用两个符号记写的六十四卦体系;周初陶拍所见易卦与传本《周易》相同的非覆即反的排列方法,也表明当时的筮书应是用两个确定的符号记写的;六十四卦应如文献所记是由八卦重合而成的,而这种八卦形成的前提同样是将其记写符号确定为两个;构成八卦的阴阳爻应是按阴阳观念将偶数记成“一一”,将奇数记戚“—”的产物。

By comparing the six-digit numbers inscribed on the vessels of the Shang and Zhou dynasties and some received literature related, we can find the sixty-four hexagrams made up of two kinds of symbols should have come into being at the turn of the Shang and Zhou dynasties. The fact that the rule of＂either reversion or obversion＂ between a pair of hexagrams or six-digit numbers is shared by both the six-digit numbers system on the pottery pat collected at Xiren Village of Chang＇ an County in 2001 and the received sixty-four hexagrams system can also testify that the divination system at that time should be illustrated by two definite symbols. A hexagram should, as the received literature recorded, be multiplied from two trigrams, the premise for the formation of which should also be that the two basic symbols had been ascertained. The symbols of yin and yang should result from the marks ＂- -＂ representing an even number and ＂—＂ representing an odd number.