基于角度和频率信息的卫星被动定轨方法

Research of passive tracking satellite by single satellite using bearings and frequency measurements

针对单星对卫星被动定轨时采用仅测角方法滤波收敛时间较长且精度不高等问题,提出了在测角的同时增加频率测量信息的单星对卫星扩展Kalman滤波被动定轨方法。在二体问题下详细推导了状态预测方程、状态转移矩阵和测量雅可比矩阵,最后通过STK6.0仿真产生的数据对算法有效性进行了验证。仿真结果表明,该算法比仅测角方法具有更高的定轨精度和更快的收敛速度,且当测角精度较高时,能够在相对较大的初始位置误差情况下较快收敛并达到较高的收敛精度。

To counter the defects of the bearings-only method which has long convergence time and large location errors, a new satellite-to-satellite extended Kalman filtering （EKF） passive tracking method is put forward using bearings and frequency measurements. Moreover, the state propagation stage, state transfer matrix and measurement Jacobi matrix are deducted in two-body problem. Performance is contrasted and verified through the simulated data from STK6.0 with various initial state errors and angles measurement errors. Simulation results indicates that the proposed method has higher accuracy and shorter convergence time than the bearings-only method. Furthermore, it can also achieve good performance even when the initial position errors are relatively large if the precision of the bearing measurements are high enough.