河北某县婴幼儿轮状病毒腹泻发病状况与疾病负担的监测研究

Study on disease burden and character of rotavirus diarrhea among children in Lulong county of China

【目的】对卢龙县婴幼儿轮状病毒腹泻发病状况进行流行病学调查,为预防控制婴幼儿轮状病毒腹泻提供科学依据。【方法】以建立的农村腹泻病监测点和卢龙县医院和妇幼保健院住院治疗的腹泻病人为监测对象,采用流行病学调查方法和应用聚丙酰胺凝胶电泳法(PAGE),酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)法,对腹泻病人进行流行病学调查,并收集腹泻粪便样本进行轮状病毒的检测。【结果】卢龙县5岁以下儿童腹泻病发病率平均为1.31/(年.人),轮状病毒腹泻发病率为13.4%,5岁以下儿童因轮状病毒腹泻住院率为8.9‰,住院治疗的重症腹泻病人的轮状病毒检测阳性率为45.6%,非住院经村医治疗的轻型腹泻轮状病毒检出率为8.9%,全国每年5岁以下儿童因患轮状病毒腹泻总耗资约26万元。有一些腹泻病人死亡可能与轮状病毒感染有关。【结论】我国农村地区轮状病毒腹泻流行严重,急待研发疫苗加以控制。

[Objective] Epidemiological survey was done in Lulong county infants with rotavirus diarrhea,in order to provide the scientific basis for preventing and controling the rotavirus diarrhea of infants. [Method] The patients were surreyed by method of epidemiological and the samples of feces were detected by polyacrylamide gel-electrophoresis （PAGE） and enzyme-linked immunosorbentassay （ELISA）. [ Results] The incidence of diarrhea in children under 5 years old was 1.3 episodes/child · year,incidence of the rotavirus diarrhea was 13.4% ,the rate of inpatients with rotavirus diarrhea was 8.9%,the positive rate of rotavirus in inpatients with severious diarrhea was 45.6% and that of children with light diarrhea treated by village doctors was 8.9%. The total expend in treating of rotavirus diarrhea patients was 260 000 Yuan （R. M. B） per year in all country. Some rotavirus diarrhea can result in death. [Conclusion] Rotavirus diarrhea in countryside was serious and the vaccine was need.